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采用激光熔覆技术制备了Cr质量分数分别为5%,10%,15%,20%的Cu-Ni-Cr涂层，研究了Cr含量对涂层组织结构的影响，并利用空化射流试验机测试了各涂层的空蚀失质量表现。结果表明：涂层的累积失质量随Cr含量增加而降低。空蚀1 h后，20%（质量分数，下同）的涂层失质量最低（78.82 mg），而5%Cr涂层的失质量最高，为其2.28倍。此外，Cr含量越高，涂层在空蚀过程中的加速期持续时间越长，其最大质量损失率与稳态失质量率也越低。这归因于Cr含量的增加提升了基体相中Cr的过饱和度，促进了溶质原子团的形成，并阻碍位错运动，加速加工硬化层的形成，从而共同提升了涂层的耐空蚀性能。因此，20%Cr涂层的耐空蚀性能最好。
Abstract：The Cu-Ni-Cr coatings with Cr mass fractions of 5%,10%,15%,and 20% were fabricated by laser cladding technology.The influence of Cr content on the microstructure of the coatings was studied,and the cavitation erosion weight loss of each coating was tested using a cavitation jet testing machine. The results show that the cumulative weight loss of the coatings decreases with the increase of Cr content. After 1 hour of cavitation erosion,the weight loss of the coating with a Cr mass fraction of 20% is the lowest(78.82 mg),while that of the 5% Cr coating is the highest,being 2.28 times that of the former. Moreover,the longer the acceleration period of the coating during cavitation erosion,the lower the maximum mass loss rate and steady-state weight loss rate. This is attributed to the increase in Cr content,which enhances the supersaturation of Cr in the matrix phase,promotes the formation of solute atomic groups,hinders dislocation movement,accelerates the formation of the work-hardening layer,and jointly improves the cavitation erosion resistance of the coating. Therefore,the 20% Cr coating has the best cavitation erosion resistance.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.14024/j.cnki.1004-244x.20250716.004
中图分类号:TG174.4;TG665
引用信息:
[1]刘福来,刘宗德,孔耀,等.Cu-Ni-Cr合金激光熔覆层在空化射流中的空蚀研究[J].兵器材料科学与工程,2026,49(01):9-16.DOI:10.14024/j.cnki.1004-244x.20250716.004.
基金信息:
中央高校基本科研业务费（2024JG002）